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A woman in South Africa has a greater chance of being raped than learning how to read the criminal justice system is failing to give rape victims access to justice with a conviction rate in her team sitting at four percent when someone is physically or sexually assaulted they are taken to a hospital to complete a J 88 form this form becomes empirical evidence in rape court cases it is often the only evidence besides the verbal testimony of the victim the j 88 form is filled out by a doctor when a sexual assault has taken place it is designed to record all physical injuries on the victim as well as a medical history first basic demographic information is filled out simple information such as addresses can be problematic and rural or Township areas where addresses are informally understood it also makes it difficult for the investigating officer to find the victim at a later stage then a general examination takes place noting height weight and clothing clinical findings are meant to describe injuries to the body doctors indicate on sketches where there are bruises cuts or lesions doctors sometimes leave this part out thinking that only genital injuries are important for sexual assault however this can cause problems in court for example if a victim says she had a knife held to her throat and no evidence of a cut is documented it could be taken as a discrepancy in her testimony in karate women are three times more likely to have their case go to trial if they show signs of physical injury and four times more likely if they have genital injuries doctors right and medical jargon which becomes problematic when no medical professionals are present in court fifty percent of trials move forward without a medical professional present next the form asks for a description of the patient's emotional state people can react in many ways to trauma ranging from being abnormally calm to crying hysterically there is no one emotion indicative of whether an assault occurred next clinical evidence of the presence of drugs or alcohol are asked for and suggestions for how to fill out the form say that smelling alcohol or Dhaka is sufficient to fill it in on the form the conclusion is a particularly difficult part of the form to fill in writing too much could create discrepancies in caught between the testimony given to a doctor and the testimony given to the police writing too little however leaves the description open to interpretation in court doctors are often only able to write assault when there is an alleged sexual offense a detailed sexual and developmental history as asked for this includes the date and time of the last time the patient had consensual sex number of pregnancies and when they started their period next comes the genital examination some rape survivors describe this part of the examination as a secondary invasion of the body a detailed examination of all parts of the genitals is needed parking you to prove penetration the doctor has to note how...